As IT equipment gets replaced, many small firms don’t know what to do with their old kit. And fears about valuable information getting into the wrong hands means many of us end up hanging on to old computers. Our guide explains how to recycle old IT kit safely, responsibly and legally
There are two important issues to consider when you want to offload what’s known as “e-waste” — complying with environmental legislation and ensuring that your data is safely disposed of.
But many business owners have no idea what to do with their old electronic waste. According to specialist Business Waste, up to 95% of companies still send their electronic waste to landfill rather than making arrangements for it to be collected, reused or recycled.
In addition, many working computers are being destroyed because of fears over data security, says Mark Hall, commercial director at Business Waste. “Scares over identity theft and corporate crime mean that bosses would rather completely destroy computer goods themselves rather that hand it to a third party to be disposed of correctly."
But the growing numbers of electronic waste specialists offer secure data wiping services as well as ensuring disposal meets legal requirements.
Even so, consumer group Which? has suggested that the only way to ensure your data is securely destroyed is to smash your hard drive to smithereens with a hammer. As a test, it bought eight second-hand hard drives from eBay — all supposedly wiped clean of data — and was able to access 22,000 deleted files. And it warned that thieves are targeting council tips looking for hard drives full of data.
Meanwhile, millions of pieces of old kit are being generated every year and yet only a fraction is actually recycled. Discarded computer equipment, including laptops, hard drives, monitors, printers, scanners, phones and printer cartridges cannot be simply thrown out with the rubbish. Because they contain toxic substances, they are classed as hazardous waste.
Legislation that came into force in 2007 covers waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). This means businesses must deal with old WEEE items separately. And, under the legislation, you may have to prove that these items were disposed of properly.
But before you chuck out your old computers, you may find they have a bit of life left in them. Thanks to cloud services, many firms are finding that older PCs can still be used as they don’t need to store and manage as much software and data as they once did.
“The great thing about the cloud is that old computers that would normally have been binned or recycled can now be kept — you can often get another two or three years out of them,” says Jonathan Edwards, managing director of Yorkshire Cloud. Jonathan recently worked with one client that had been advised to replace 30 computers. By setting up new cloud services, that client was able to keep every single PC.
However, if you still have old kit you need to dispose of, read on:
Nowadays, many of the leading IT makers have recycling schemes as part of their commitment to the environment — and to satisfy legal obligations. You can return equipment to manufacturers such as Dell, Hewlett Packard, Apple, Lenovo and others. Your equipment will be “de-manufactured” and parts will be recycled and reused. Anything that can’t be used will be disposed of in an environmentally sound way.
You can use the services of a professional IT recycling firm — some are free, others charge a fee. Data security and removal should be part of the service but make sure the firm you choose is reputable. Also make sure it complies with WEEE legislation and that they can provide details of their Waste Carriers Licence. These are some of the IT recycling specialists in the UK:
A comprehensive list of UK computer recyclers and refurbishers can be found on the Waste Online website.
There are many non-profit organisations that collect IT equipment for reuse or for de-manufacture and recycling. Many of these schemes operate in developing countries as well as helping UK community groups.
Before you donate your IT equipment to a charity, it’s best to ensure you have securely disposed of all data — not all charity schemes take responsibility for this. Also ensure the charity has a waste management strategy — if your kit is to be reused overseas, for instance, what happens to it when it eventually becomes obsolete?
There are many organisations that will take your old IT kit for a good cause:
Old phones can be recycled in return for cash — some handsets can fetch up to £200. There are many companies offering this service, including Envirofone, Mazuma Mobile, Top Dollar Mobile, Carphone Warehouse's Sellmyphone, Geek Squad and Fonebank. In addition, CompareMyMobile allows you to compare deals on the major mobile recycling websites. Don’t forget that today, many mobile phones have as much sensitive data as computers so secure data removal is very important.
If you are not using a specialist waste firm, you need to be absolutely sure that your data has been permanently deleted — both for your own security and peace of mind and to ensure you comply with the Data Protection Act.
One thing’s for sure, simply pressing delete does not securely remove your data from a hard drive. Files can be found using file recovery tools or the undelete function. Even formatting a disk may not completely prevent files being recovered by someone that knows what they are doing.
And what about physically destroying the hard drive? It might work but there’s always a chance that data could still be recovered from a smashed disk. The safest approach is to use shredder software that will securely wipe the disk. Options include File Shredder and Eraser. For Macs, Permanent Eraser does the same job.
Another option is Darik's Boot and Nuke, — you burn it on to a CD, put the CD in, reboot your computer and then type “autonuke” to wipe your entire system.
For the complete belt and braces approach, you might want to delete files and run the relevant software and then get your hammer out.